word structure:
We know that every word consists of one, two or more semantic components and accordingly, words are divided into #simple and #non-simple words (#وندي, #مركّب and #وندي_مركّب); Now we want to know the building blocks of words better.
The semantic components of words are generally divided into two categories:
1- Free (meaningful) components
2- Dependent components (Wand)
1- Free components:
Free or meaningful components are components that can be used alone as a simple word or as a basic component in the construction of non-simple words; Sample:
Flower, book, table, house, white, good, color, river, silk, night, sharp, under, hard, green, happy, lips, grass, ground, look, enough, day, damp, memory and so on.
As you can see, the above words are nouns, adjectives or adverbs in terms of grammatical type.
tip:
The past participle and the present participle of the verbs are also considered free components, because they are used as the basic components in the construction of words.
Reminder:
A) Bin Ghazal = infinitive without “N”:
Infinitive . Bin Ghazal
go gone
said said
see see
hear heard
looking at
search
b) Bin Mozara = imperative verb without “b”:
Infinitive . impretive verb . Subjunctive
go go
Say . say it
See . Behold . Among
Listen . Hear . listen
looking closely
search atmosphere
And.
b) Dependent components (vands):
There are components that are not used alone, but by joining free components, they are used in the construction of Vandi and Vandi-compound words.
Verbs are divided into three general categories based on their place in the structure of verbs and verb-compound words:
1- Prefix, 2- Suffix, 3- Interjection
1- Prefixes:
Prefixes are used before free components in word structure; The most important prefixes:
ba (fan), bi (idle), b (normal), na (incorrect), n (refractory), ham (combined)
Baz (return), wa (vacation), bar (pick up), der (request), var (bankruptcy), fara (call), feru (subdued) and.
2- Extensions:
Suffixes are used after free components in word structure; The most important extensions:
A (knowing), A (behavior), N (laughing), Anh (daily), Ban (gardener), Che (lake), Chi (postman), Dan (pot), Dis (statue), Zar (flower garden), Gar (Teacher), Gar (Worker), Gin (Sad), Mand (Strong), Man (Building), Nak (Damp), War (Artist), War (Crazy), Wareh (Celebration), Hehe (Laughing, writing, yolk, edge), y (green, blue), yen (colorful), yin (green), yett (crowd), yye (hosseiniyeh), ndeh (runner, shy, enough), ek (salt, wool), َn (saying, going, seeing), esh (method, insight, gentleness), estan (mountain, Golestan) and.
(ha (books), en (trees), et (exams) y (home), ter (bigger), terin (biggest).)
3- Intermediates:
Interjections are always used between the free components of vende-compound words; The most important intermediates:
A (colorful), to (face to face, upside down), to (over the top), and (conversation, all over the place), in (layer in layer), on (foot in place), (in trouble).
Now you can:
1- Analyze each of the following words according to their components:
companion = wend + bin subjunctive
Time = noun + verb
Broken = past participle + verb
Pleasant = noun + participle
Progress = adjective/adverb + past participle
commuting = past participle + past + past participle + past participle
Construction = past participle + verb + participle
2- Determine the grammatical type (noun, adjective, adverb) of the above words.
3- According to the given patterns, state other examples.
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This post is written by miomo99